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Crypt (C)
''crypt'' is the library function which is used to compute a password hash that can be used to store user account passwords while keeping them relatively secure (a passwd file). The output of the function is not simply the hash— it is a text string which also encodes the salt (usually the first two characters are the salt itself and the rest is the hashed result), and identifies the hash algorithm used (defaulting to the "traditional" one explained below). This output string is what is meant for putting in a password record which may be stored in a plain text file.
More formally, ''crypt'' provides cryptographic key derivation functions for password validation and storage on Unix systems.
== Relationship to Unix Crypt utility ==
There is a crypt utility in Unix, which is often confused with the C library function. To distinguish between the two, writers often refer to the utility program as ''crypt(1)'', because it is documented in section 1 of the Unix manual pages, and refer to the C library function as ''crypt(3)'', because its documentation is in manual section 3.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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